Difference Between a HELOC and a Reverse Mortgage

What is the difference between a reverse mortgage and a home equity line of credit (HELOC)?

Traditional equity lines, of course, have a required monthly mortgage payment, and the more you borrow, the higher the month-end mortgage payment becomes. Also, most HELOCs have a 10- or a 15-year term, meaning the full balance is due at the end of the term. If the home falls in value during the life of the loan, the full balance is still due.

A reverse mortgage line of credit does not have a monthly repayment obligation. Rather, the mortgage is repaid on the back end, in reverse, when the last title holder permanently leaves the home. Most commonly, the heirs sell the home and the loan is repaid at the time of closing. However, the heirs can refinance or repay the loan and keep the home.

One of the most important things to note with a reverse mortgage is that if the home falls in value there is never a deficiency due. This means that if the loan is underwater at the time it’s sold, the home will repay what it can, and any shortfall will be covered by the FHA mortgage insurance.

A reverse mortgage line of credit can be a transformative retirement resource, and may provide one of the biggest retirement buckets in a homeowner’s portfolio.

If you’d like to see if a reverse mortgage may be a fit for you – or for someone you love – give me a call. I always love hearing from you!

Mortgage Rate Mythbusting: Destroying the most common misconceptions

Bad takes about mortgage rates spread faster than wildfire—especially when they come from politicians or go viral on X. But when these narratives are misleading or flat-out wrong, they don’t just confuse consumers. They erode trust in our industry and inject unnecessary chaos into an already complex housing market.

It’s time to set the record straight on the most persistent myths about mortgage rates—some of which have been amplified by high-profile figures who should know better.

On July 31, Rep. Thomas Massie (R-KY) fired off this tweet: “It’s absurd that one man sets interest rates for a ‘free’ country. End the Fed.”

The tweet racked up 3.7 million views. It also fundamentally mischaracterizes how U.S. monetary policy actually works.

The reality: Interest rates are set by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)—a 12-member voting body that includes seven governors appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate, the New York Fed president and four rotating regional Fed presidents.

Jerome Powell may be the face of Fed policy, but he doesn’t set rates by decree. Policy moves are debated, voted on and shaped by extensive data analysis and institutional perspectives. The “one man” narrative isn’t just wrong—it’s dangerously simplistic.

The reality: This one’s particularly insidious because it’s partially true, which makes it harder to debunk—but let’s agree that the statement by itself is filled with falsehoods. The Fed doesn’t directly set mortgage rates, yes, but its policies have massive indirect influence on mortgage pricing.

Most mortgage rates—especially the 30-year fixed—track closely with the 10-year Treasury yield. Fed actions like rate hikes, forward guidance and quantitative tightening directly impact investor expectations, bond yields and ultimately mortgage rates.

Fed Chair Powell made this crystal clear during a 2025 Senate hearing:

“Monetary policy works through interest-sensitive spending. There is no more interest-sensitive spending than buying a house and having a mortgage…. Our tighter policy is having an effect on economic activity in the housing sector.”

He added: “The Federal Reserve does not control housing supply, but its actions do have a massive effect on housing supply.”

Translation: The Fed isn’t pushing the button on your mortgage rate, but it’s absolutely adjusting the levers that move the market.

The reality: This isn’t a myth born from overt misinformation—it’s a myth born from omission. Most media coverage and political commentary stops at the 10-year Treasury or Fed Funds Rate. But mortgage rates are also shaped by the spread between the 10-year yield and the 30-year fixed rate.

This spread is driven by investor appetite, risk premiums and MBS pricing. Ignoring spreads leaves consumers with an incomplete picture.

As HousingWire Lead Analyst Logan Mohtashami puts it: “We’re starting to teach people mortgage spreads, and I’m really happy about that—because nobody knew what it was, but it’s so important.”

During periods of financial stress, spreads can widen, keeping rates elevated even if Treasury yields fall. The myth isn’t that spreads are fake—it’s that they’ve been left out of the conversation for too long.

The reality: The federal debt has been increasing for decades, while mortgage rates have been declining over the same period. The recurring idea that bond vigilantes will punish the U.S. with higher mortgage rates due to federal debt has been debunked repeatedly.

In the 1990s, the federal debt was much lower, along with a lower debt-to-GDP ratio and smaller deficits, but mortgage rates during that decade were higher on average than from 2010-2025.

Mohtashami has pointed out that 65% to 75% of the variability in the 10-year yield and 30-year mortgage rates throughout an economic cycle is influenced by Federal Reserve policy, along with nominal growth and inflation expectations. The overall state of the U.S. economy also plays a crucial role in determining these rates.

As misinformation and partial perspectives about mortgage rates swirl through the industry, professionals must double down on financial literacy. Mischaracterizing rate policy doesn’t just confuse consumers; it undermines confidence in the market and distracts from real economic issues. As I discussed with Sarah Wheeler on the recent HousingWire Daily podcast, consumer psychology is one of the leading factors in our current “stuck” housing market.

Mortgage professionals, economists and journalists all have a role in correcting the record. The path to affordability starts with understanding, and understanding begins with fact-based reporting—not viral outrage.

The housing market is complex enough without adding manufactured confusion to the mix. Let’s focus on what actually moves rates, not what gets retweets.

It’s a big down payment. But bigger than WHAT?

Laurie Denker MacNaughton © 2025

I know this is a bit weightier than usual—but this conversation was SO profound that it needs recounting.

Brenda and her husband were due to retire in late 2025, and they had just downsized into a beautiful new home that was perfect for aging in place.

Four weeks after moving in Brenda’s husband died, suddenly and unexpectedly. Six weeks after THAT Brenda had a massive stroke and spent weeks in the hospital and then in rehab. Now she is deeply in debt and behind on her new “forward” mortgage.

Ironically, when I spoke to Brenda today she said she and her husband had asked their loan officer about using a Reverse for Purchase home loan to buy their new home.

The loan offer’s comment?

“You don’t want to do a Reverse for Purchase. The down payment is big.”

Big? Bigger than WHAT?

Bigger than NEVER falling behind on monthly mortgage payments? Bigger than being able to live in her own home—even after the loss of a spouse? Bigger than keeping her home even though she has had to retire ahead of schedule?

Brenda may have missed the opportunity to live in this home. I don’t know—but I do know her current plight was totally avoidable. I referred her to legal counsel in the hope something may work out.

Why am I recounting this really sad story?

Because it’s life. And because “life is what happens while you’re making other plans.”

A Reverse Mortgage is a home loan. But sometimes a Reverse Mortgage is not JUST a home loan. Sometimes it changes an aging homeowner’s entire future.

If you would like to discuss your plans—or the plans of one you love—give me a call. I always love hearing from you.

Blessings,

Another loan officer said I don’t qualify for a home loan (or, Why you might qualify for Reverse Mortgage)

If you are a homeowner aged 62 or older and are trying to refinance the home you’re in or buy a new home, chances are you know the drill: your income is fixed, savings may be limited, and your debt may be relatively high compared to your income. In other words, you are having a hard time getting a home loan.

So why, then, with the exact same financial profile, might you qualify for a Reverse Mortgage after you were turned down by other lenders?

First, there’s never a mandatory monthly mortgage payment. That right there makes a huge difference. Take just a second and think about what a difference it would make if you had NO required monthly mortgage payment. You are always allowed to make a payment if you choose to do so.

Second, to qualify you only need a monthly residual income of $529 for a single person, and $886 for a couple. “Residual income” means the amount of money you have left over at month’s end after we account for your property taxes, homeowner’s insurance, HOA dues or condo dues (if applicable), and the minimum amount due each month on your credit accounts.

Be certain to note that no matter what kind of home loan you have – or even if you have no home loan at all – property taxes and homeowner’s insurance are still a monthly expense. Many aging homeowners have some kind of property tax waiver, and a reverse mortgage does not impact eligibility.

Even though this loan is specifically designed for homeowners and homebuyers aged 62 and older, not everyone is going to qualify. However, millions of Americans have chosen to use a reverse mortgage to either refinance the home they’re in or to purchase their aging-in-place home due to the financial flexibility it may provide.

If you would like to talk about whether a reverse mortgage might be a fit for your retirement plans, give me a call – I always love hearing from you!

Mistakes to Avoid—Women in Retirement

It’s not often I start off with a disclaimer… but here goes:

I am a reverse mortgage specialist. This means I am a loan officer who only does reverse mortgages.

Here’s what I’m not: I am not a financial planner. I am not an attorney. I am not an insurance agent.

Consequently, my observations below are going to be simply that, namely observations. But, they are observations made over the course of many years, and ones that deeply influence the way I am laying plans for my own eventual retirement.

There are four categories of missteps I see again and again that are made by women in their 60s, mistakes which can deeply impact financial security in the retirement years.

  1. Retiring at 64. This is tricky, as there often are reasons someone retires in their early 60s—illness, an unwell spouse  or parent, loss of a job. There’s no controlling for the curveballs life can throw. But, if possible, work longer. Even a couple more years  or part time work can make a big difference.
  2. Taking on significant debt shortly before retirement. It’s uncommon to see someone whose retirement income is higher than their pre-retirement income was. When relying on Social Security and retirement savings, having to also service a large car payment, credit card debt, or a HELOC payment can completely throw off even carefully laid financial plans.
  3. Gifting monies to family members. I know this is a touchy subject, as many women hold the belief that family takes care of family no matter what. However, a change in thinking often needs to take place. If the gifter runs low on funds and the recipients have not gained the ability to handle their own finances, everyone can go down with the ship. A related topic includes co-signing credit cards, college loans, or auto loans for family members. If one party defaults, that debt does not go away, and the aging party can find herself deeply in debt and without a fallback position.
  4. Underestimating life expectancy. Needless to say, this one is very difficult, as no one comes with an “expiration date.” However, I have had scores of women tell me they never imagined they would live so long, and that they burned through their savings at too fast a clip early in retirement. Don’t assume you’re only going to live into your early 70s. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, a 65-year-old woman has a life expectancy of 20.8 years.

There is so much more I could say on this topic, but I will leave it here and simply say the following: in my role as a reverse mortgage specialist I have worked with hundreds of homeowners as they laid plans for retirement. The reason for this is because a reverse mortgage may play a significant role in improving financial survivability in retirement.

A reverse mortgage won’t be a fit for everyone, and not everyone will qualify.

But if you are—or an aging loved one in your life is— struggling financially, give me a call. Together let’s see whether a reverse mortgage might be part of the solution.

Aging in America—By the Numbers

The population of older Americans is huge—and growing. By 2030 nearly a quarter of the population will be over 60, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

In order to study trends and trajectories, experts who study aging use the term “cohort” when  looking at groups.

As a quick personal aside, through the years I have often pondered how oddly asymmetrical aging can be. In my role as a reverse mortgage loan officer, both aging homeowners and the adult children of aging parents frequently tell me that one spouse or parent is holding his or her own—or even thriving—while the other is deep in the throes of mental or physical incapacity. Consequently, looking at large groups of people will not reveal what someone’s personal aging journey may entail, but numbers do give a statistical picture of what is typical.

The pandemic profoundly impacted older adults in many ways, including financially. In the years following the pandemic older workers who had lost their job were much less likely to get rehired into their previous position. In the tight post-pandemic job market, “unretiring” became prevalent for those willing and able to take jobs traditionally held by teens, such as cashier, call center representative, barista, and receptionist. These lower-paying jobs mean over 14% of those over 60 live below the nationally-established poverty level, according to National Council on Aging.

The youngest cohort that is considered “older adult” comprises those in their 60s. Many in this age group are often working full-time and are still physically active. This means they travel, seek to acquire new skills, and start new business in much higher numbers than did previous generations. Technological proficiency is common, but so is divorce. A distressingly high number have done no end-of-life planning, 62% carry credit card debt, and 50% have no retirement savings (U.S. Census Bureau).

Those in their 70s make up the next cohort. Most people in this group have either retired or are actively making plans to retire. Serious health issues may start to surface, and 58% of women and 28% of men are widowed by the age of 75 (Census.gov). According to the IRS, by the age of 70½, 79.5% of Americans draw more than their Required Minimum Distribution from savings.

The final cohort comprises those aged 80 and older. 31% of this group still has mortgage debt, and 92% rely on their Social Security benefits for the majority of their income, according to National Council on Aging. More than 70% of in this cohort will eventually require in-home care, and the number of Americans who live to be 100 or older will quadruple over the next 3 decades (Pew Research Center).

So why all the numbers?

Here’s why…

Research put out by Morningstar Center for Retirement & Policy Studies in August 2024 states the following:

45% of American households will run short of money in retirement. The outlook for single women was even more bleak, with about 55% of them seen as at risk in retirement, compared with 41% of couples and 40% of single males.

The study goes on to state that two-thirds of Americans fear running out of money more than death, 58% worry about losing independence, and 52% fear being a burden on family.

And frankly? I’m not sure any of these numbers come as a surprise to most of us.

It’s here that a reverse mortgage may play a role in improving financial survivability in retirement.

A reverse mortgage won’t be a fit for everyone, and not everyone will qualify. But if you are—or an aging loved one in your life is— struggling financially, give me a call. Together let’s see whether a reverse mortgage might be part of the solution.

Congress must act or automatic Social Security cuts begin in 2033

Laurie Denker MacNaughton © 2024

Unless Congress takes action, in a little more than 8 years Social Security recipients will see their monthly payments cut by 21%. And, astoundingly, some in Congress are talking about instituting this cut even earlier in the name of “affordability.”

Letting Social Security go bankrupt would direly impact America’s seniors, as nine out of ten rely on their benefits for a portion of their retirement income. Furthermore, National Institute on Retirement Security reports that 40% of older Americans rely solely on their monthly Social Security check.

Those most severely impacted will be retirees who were low- to middle-income earners. There is deep irony in the fact that some of America’s wealthiest are in charge of making the decisions that could fix this longstanding problem. But they’re running out of time to act.

Only Congress has the power to make changes to Social Security, and congressmembers are elected every two years.

Take away? Ask your congressmember what they’re doing to protect YOUR benefits.

For more on this topic, see:

“We never expected to live this long”

Most of us get very judgy when it comes to money. I don’t know why.

Yesterday I had a closing with a very old, very dear couple, both of whom were groundbreaking professionals in their respective fields.

Both have pensions, both have Social Security—and both had significant savings.

But she is now 93 and he is 96, and their savings are long gone. Their guaranteed income is just not enough to meet their care needs.

At the closing table the husband said to me, “We don’t want our friends to know we’re doing a reverse mortgage—but we need money. We never expected to live this long.”

Yup, I hear you. When you were born, dear one, your life expectancy was more than three decades shorter.

A reverse mortgage is home equity mortgage. But it’s a mortgage that has no required monthly payment. Because it’s a loan, it must be repaid—but it’s repaid on the back end, in reverse, when the homeowners no longer reside in the home. Any remaining equity belongs to the heirs.

One last thing: a reverse mortgage won’t be a fit for everyone. But if an aging loved one in your life is struggling financially, give me a call. Together let’s see whether a reverse mortgage might be part of the solution.

Blessings to you and yours in this season.

Group-home care model: an emerging trend

Laurie Denker MacNaughton © 2023

For nearly 50 years Charles had been concertmaster to some of the greatest conductors of the age: Sir Thomas Beecham, Leonard Slatkin, Mstislav Rostropovich—to name a few. When I met him his hands, though still lovely and graceful, were mottled by age and quaking with the effects of advanced Parkinson’s disease.

In early 2023 Charles and his wife, Lizbet, made the tough decision to sell their Washington, DC home and move to a condominium just over the river in Virginia. Between downsizing, packing, staging, and showing the home, the stress began to tell on Charles, so he and Lizbet decided it best for Charles to respite at a care facility until they settled on the new property.

Just miles from the new condo was a group home located in a single-family residence, licensed to care for no more than 8 residents. Far more affordable than larger, more traditional care facilities, the group home offered around-the-clock supervision, but no onsite medical care. Residents either continued under care of their own physicians, or contracted care with medical professionals associated with the home.

Group homes go by many different names, and regulations vary by state. However, according to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), in 2020 there were some 13,000 small-scale, “residential care communities,” the generic term applied to the group home care model. Across the U.S., these homes provide care to some 81,600 residents. This number, of course, represents only a tiny fraction of seniors living in long-term care homes, a number that in 2020 stood at 1,290,000.¹

Nonetheless, the group home care model is unlikely to go away, as the need for residential living communities is projected to accelerate by some 60% over the next 10 years and—according to the US Census Bureau—is already nearly double what it was in 2012.²

Charles joined Lizbet in their new home once they had gone to closing and she had moved in and gotten settled—and they are thankful for the care Charles received while in the group home.

However, not everyone will have the option of going home, as some conditions require more care than an aging spouse can provide.

With this in mind, the more our aging homeowners know about evolving care solutions, the better they are likely to fair—both physically and financially.

NOT EVERYTHING’S A WIN

Laurie MacNaughton © 2023

Yesterday I had a long conversation with a woman who doesn’t have equity enough to do a reverse mortgage. Her hours at work have been cut, and her mortgage is now 79% of her monthly income. We mapped out a game plan, discussed options, and I put her on my calendar to follow up with in a few months.

Three hours later she texted me the following:                

Thinking about all that I will have to do to qualify for your reversed mortgage. Your ways of doingbusiness is unfair. I would rather do business whom have a heart to help the needy!!!!

I’ve left typos in for reasons that will become clear.

My first response was shock. Then hurt feelings.

And then? Self-righteousness.

Total, sickly self-righteousness. And, truth be told, a good measure of self-pity.

What does this look like? It looks like, “Helping the needy? Do you know I paid someone else’s mortgage throughout the pandemic?” As in, “Do you know I work 7 days a week helping ‘the needy’?” As in… well, you get the point.

Dyed-in-the-wool, unmitigated, pathetic self-righteousness.

But after a long walk in the woods – and generous Puffs consumption – a semblance of balance crept in.

Not every conversation is a “win.” And you know what? I’m not in this for a “win,” at least not in any conventional sense.

I’m in this to help. Often – usually – even when I cannot help by means of a reverse mortgage, I can still help by providing other resources – a listening ear, a battleplan, an attorney referral. Compassion.

Money is scary. Housing is scary. And aging can be really, really scary.

This woman was so scared she could not frame a standard sentence. This woman was so scared she said things I’m certain she would not have said under normal circumstances. This woman is aging, she’s alone, and she’s facing true financial hardship.

And, for me, simply reflecting on this was truly a win.

For my soul. For my compassion. For my desire to help where I can.